THE USE OF AUTOGRAFT AND XENOGRAFT MATERIAL IN TYMPANOPLASTY: SHORT TERM RESULTS
SSK Ankara Eğitim Hastanesi, II. KBB Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye The use of tissue grafts for tympanic membrane restoration by Zöllner and Wullstein was one of the biggest steps in modern otological surgery. Since then, several autograft, xenograft, homograft materials were tried to find the ideal graft material.Autografts are tissues transplanted from one part of the body to another in the same individual and autologous temporalis fascia is one of the most common materials to restore the tympanic membrane. Xenograft materials are obtained from different species and porcine dermis, porcine dura mater, bovine vein and bovine pericardium are the most common ones.
In this study, tympanoplasty success rate when using an autologous temporalis fascia or bovine pericardium-Tutoplast® was compared. The study group comprises 60 ears operated on a year period. After giving the necessary information about procedure and graft materials to the patients, autologous temporalis fascia was used in 31 patients, whereas Tutoplast® bovine pericardium was used in 29 patients. Minimum follow-up period was six months in both group. Graft survival rate was found as 78% and 73%, respectively.
The advantages of xenograft materials are the availability of a sterile packaged and ready to use material in the operating theater. Although, there are oppositions to use of these materials due to risk of transmission of the slow virus infections, the risk was minimized by the sterilization process. The use of autologous materials has several advantages. On the other hand, according to the results in this study, the use of xenograft materials could be a choice for tympanoplasty.
Keywords : tympanoplasty, xenograft, autograft