CHOLESTEATOMA

Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi, KBB Anabilim Dalı, Mersin, Türkiye Cholesteatoma is an accumulation of keratin-producing squamous epithelium in the foreign place in the middle ear cavity or other pneumatized regions of the temporal bone. Cholesteatoma is a histologically benign disease but clinically destructive disease. Cholesteatoma is composed of the three components: cystic content of desquamated keratin, matrix and perimatrix. Cholesteatoma can be divided into congenital and aquired cholesteatoma . Acquired cholesteatomas can be further divided into primary and secondary acquired. Congenital cholesteatomas are thought to arise from embryonal inclusions or rests of epithelial cells. There are four basic theories of the pathogenesis of aquired cholesteatoma : (1) squamous metaplasia, (29) epithelial invasion, (3) basal cell hyperplasia and (4) invagination theoires and additionally a combination of this theoires. The discussion about how squamous epithelium get into the middle ear is still controversial. This review was evaluated theories and hypotheses for etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma. Keywords : Cholesteatoma, pathogenesis, classification